Phase 2 Radio System Upgrade Information

Lancaster County's Department of Public Safety is targeting a goal of upgrading its current P25 Phase 1 radio system to Phase 2 in January 2027 which Phase 1 and Phase 2 systems will operate in parallel. The final system cutover is scheduled for January 2028.  This transition is essential to enhance communication capabilities and ensure the safety of both first responders and the community.

Why Upgrade to P25 Phase 2?

Increased Capacity: 

It's a matter of responder safety! Phase 2 technology allows for more simultaneous communications on the same frequency, effectively doubling the system's capacity. This is crucial for handling high communication volumes during emergencies.

Improved Interoperability: 

Upgrading ensures compatibility with neighboring counties and agencies that have already adopted Phase 2 systems, facilitating seamless coordination during multi-jurisdictional incidents.

Enhanced Efficiency: 

Phase 2 systems utilize advanced technologies to provide clearer audio quality and more reliable connections, even in challenging environments.

Responsibilities of the Public Safety Technology Division

The Public Safety Technology Division is tasked with overseeing this critical upgrade. Their responsibilities include:

Planning and Implementation:  

Developing a comprehensive strategy to transition to Phase 2, including timelines, budgeting, and resource allocation.

Stakeholder Coordination: 

Engaging with local agencies, first responders, and equipment vendors to ensure a smooth and coordinated upgrade process.

Training and Support: 

Providing necessary training for personnel to effectively operate the new system and offering ongoing technical support.

Initiating the Transition

For us to fully transition to a Phase 2 radio system, we need to convert the way that we send out our digital messages to the radios. We need to convert from the old technology called C4FM (Continuous Four Level Modulation) to the more modern and efficient LSM (Linear Simulcast Modulation). LSM will provide a better radio system with increased, clarity, and stability of our radio transmissions. LSM transmissions will also go a long way in reducing TDI (Time Delayed Interference) which we have at various locations around the county and to increase radio coverage around the county including in buildings.

The components in getting to a Phase 2 system involve the 4 steps below:

  • Upgrade of the County radio system. This was completed in May of 2024
  • Subscriber radios have LSM and GPS "Emergency Only" activated in their radios
  • Subscriber radios, municipal & first responder radios, have Phase 2 activated in their equipment
  • Possibly adding additional tower sites around the county if radio coverage issue remains.

Every radio on the system will need to be “touched” by a programmer. The programmer should check the radio for frequency drift and bring it back into alignment if needed and turning on LSM and Phase 2 within the radio. After all the radios in the county, and out of county, have been updated, the Lancaster County Department of Public Safety 9-1-1 Emergency Communications Center (ECC) can then begin to operate as a Phase 2 system.

Limitations and Challenges

Any radios still operating on the system that have not been prepared for Phase 2 may significantly disrupt the Phase 2 functionality and potentially delay or even interrupt communications while actively communicating on the system.

Start Planning

We encourage you to evaluate your inventory to identify if your radios will need to be replaced. Generally, these radios will need to be replaced, others should be capable of moving to Phase 2 but confirmation will occur with a touch by the programmer.

1. Begin to look at your radio inventory"

  • BK Radios built before 2016 will likely need replacement. Radios newer than 2016 and 2017 models can possibly operate in Phase 2 with programming updates.
  • Mobile Tait radios located in fire and EMS units as part of the 2012 County Fire Chief’s grant will need to be assessed for Phase 2 compatibility.
  • BK KNG2 radios will work in Phase 2.

2. Contact your preferred radio vendor and make sure that the radios that you currently have can be upgraded to LSM and Phase 2.

3. Determine which, if any, radios need to be replaced and begin that process.

Our goal is to have full Phase 2 implementation by January 1, 2028. We will continue to keep you informed throughout this project and serve as a resource to answer any questions you may have. For any questions or comments please contact Brad Shenk, Operations Manager, DPS Technology Division at BShenk@Lancastercountypa.gov

For us to fully transition to a Phase 2 radio system, we need to convert the way that we send out our digital messages to the radios. We need to convert from the old technology called C4FM (Continuous Four Level Modulation) to the more modern and efficient LSM (Linear Simulcast Modulation). LSM will provide a better radio system with increased, clarity, and stability of our radio transmissions. LSM transmissions will also go a long way in reducing TDI (Time Delayed Interference) which we have at various locations around the county and to increase radio coverage around the county including in buildings.

What is the expected lifecycle of an emergency communications system?

While the life expectancy of a 9-1-1 system depends on the type of technology in use and the level of maintenance, most modern next-generation 9-1-1 (NG9-1-1) systems have a lifespan of 15-20 years. However, continued investment in upgrades and adaptations to new technologies may extend this period, while legacy systems may need replacement sooner due to obsolescence.

NG9-1-1 systems, which are built on IP-based technologies, have a longer life expectancy. These systems can handle advanced technologies like multimedia (text, video, images), geolocation, and Internet of Things (IoT) integrations. Since NG9-1-1 systems are more flexible and scalable, they can last longer, especially when updated with software and hardware upgrades. 

The major factors influencing life expectancy are connected to technological advancements and manufacturer support. As technologies evolve, the system may require upgrades or complete overhauls. For example, as mobile communication, cloud storage, and cybersecurity threats evolve, a system may need to be updated to stay relevant. Ongoing maintenance and regular system upgrades can significantly extend the life of a 9-1-1 communications system which has been our goal. However, if a system becomes too costly to maintain, or if hardware components are no longer supported due to manufacturer obsolescence, replacement becomes the only option. 

The Department of Homeland Security, Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) provide several good resources to assist county and local officials with their emergency communications planning:

Conclusion

Upgrading to the P25 Phase 2 radio system is a strategic move to bolster Lancaster County's emergency communication infrastructure. By embracing this advanced technology, the Department of Public Safety aims to provide more efficient and reliable services to the community, ensuring preparedness for future challenges.